User Guide
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CS 2100
User Guide
Notice Congratulations on your purchase of the CS 2100. Thank you for your confidence in our products and we will do all in our power to ensure your complete satisfaction. The User Guide for the CS 2100 includes information on the usage of the equipment. We recommend that you thoroughly familiarize yourself with this Guide in order to make the most effective use of your system. . WARNING: We recommend that you consult the “Safety, Regulatory and Technical Specification User Guide” before using the CS 2100.
No part of this Guide may be reproduced without the express permission of Carestream Health, Inc. U.S. Federal law restricts this equipment to sale by or on the order of a dentist or physician. This document is originally written in English. Manual Name: CS 2100 User Guide Part Number: SM759 Revision Number: 01 Print Date: 2012-02 CS 2100 complies with Directive 93/42/EEC relating to medical equipment.
0086
Manufacturer Care stream Hea lth, Inc. 150 Verona Street Roche ster, NY 1 4 60 8, USA
Authorized Representative in the European Community
EC REP TROPHY 4, Rue F. Pelloutier, Croissy-Beaubourg 77435 Marne la Vallée Cedex 2, France
Contents 1-About This Guide Conventions in this Guide... 1–1 2-CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW General Overview... 2–1 CS 2100 Unit Configurations... 2–4 Control Timer Unit... 2–9 3-CS 2100 RADIOLOGY PROCESS Positioning... 3–1 Positioning the Patient... 3–1 Positioning the X-Ray Generator... 3–1 Paralleling technique... 3–1 Bisecting technique... 3–2 Positioning the Imaging Receptor... 3–2 Exposure... 3–2 Exposure Parameters... 3–2 Exposure Times... 3–3 Exposure Times for KODAK Film... 3–3 Exposure Times for Phosphor Plates... 3–3 Exposure Times for Digital Sensors... 3–4 Emitted Doses... 3–5 Film Processing... 3–6 4-ACQUIRING AN IMAGE Preparing for Image Acquisition... 4–1 Launching the X-Ray... 4–2 5-USER MODE Parameters... 5–1 Entering the User Mode... 5–1 Modifying Parameters... 5–1 Exiting the User Mode... 5–2 Performing a Tube Seasoning... 5–2 6-TROUBLESHOOTING Quick Troubleshooting... 6–1 Information Messages... 6–3 Error Messages... 6–4 7-MAINTENANCE Quarterly... 7–1 Generator... 7–1 Mechanical support... 7–1 CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed01
1
Contents
Control timer unit and electrical installation...7–1 Operation...7–1 Control timer unit self-test...7–1 Annually...7–2 Cleaning and Disinfecting the CS 2100...7–2
2
Chapter 1
About This Guide Conventions in this Guide The following special messages emphasize information or indicate potential risk to personnel or equipment:
WARNING Warns you to avoid injury to yourself or others by following the safety instructions precisely. CAUTION Alerts you to a condition that might cause serious damage.
IMPORTANT Alerts you to a condition that might cause problems. NOTE Emphasizes important information. TIP Provides extra information and hints. WARNING Exposure to ionizing radiation
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed01
1–1
Conventions in this Guide
1–2
About This Guide
Chapter 2
CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW The CS 2100 is compliant with the requirements of the EEC and international medical standards. The CS 2100 unit has been designed to produce high-quality intraoral radiographies that:
Reveal maximum details with the minimum dose to the patient. Show teeth and anatomic structures accurately with a minimum of distortion or magnification. Have optimal density and contrast to maximize their use for the detection of dental diseases.
The CS 2100 uses a high-frequency technology that allows:
Reduced X-ray doses for patients because the CS 2100 unit emits fewer soft rays absorbed by patients which are not used during image creation. Shorter exposure times which reduce the risk of motion blurr during exposure
The CS 2100 is equipped with a thermal safety system that prevents the generator from overheating in case of intensive use. This prohibits any exposure as long as the generator has not cooled down. The I01 error message appears on the display and an audible beep is heard during the unit cooling period. The beep stops when the cooling period is over. To obtain high-quality intraoral radiography with maximum details, you must be very careful when performing the three steps of the radiography process:
Positioning the patient, the X-ray generator, and the imaging system Setting the exposure parameters according to the imaging receptor used (films, phosphor plates or sensors) Processing the film (if a conventional film is used)
General Overview The CS 2100 unit is composed of the following functional components
A high-frequency X-ray generator which includes:
A transformer and associated electronics, and an oil-bathed X-ray tube A beam-limiting device with the following characteristics: - A radiation diameter of 6 cm (2.36 in.) - A distance from the X-ray tube focal spot to skin of 20 cm (8 in.).
An angle scale and a handle to facilitate positioning.
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed01
2–1
General Overview
A wall framework which contains the:
Main powerboard ON/OFF switch which contains a built-in LED.
A control timer unit which:
Performs exposure time selection and displays parameters (exposure time and emitted dose). Performs a microprocessor self-test at every unit activation.
Displays alarms in case of incorrect operation.
Includes two exposure time modes. The digital mode corresponds to the range of shortest exposure times that fit those needed for digital sensors. An extension arm and a scissor arm which is equipped with springs that ensure arm stability. The following figure illustrates the extension arm and the scissor arm. Figure 2–1
CS 2100 - Side View
R
A
Table 2–1
2–2
Extension arm types
Extension
R
Span A
Short
47.0 cm (18.5 in.)
170.0 cm
Standard
64.8 cm (25.5 in.)
188.0 cm (74 in.)
Long
82.5 cm (32.5 in.)
205.0 cm (80.69 in.)
(67 in.)
A rectangular collimator. Its various sizes adapt to films, phosphor plates and RVG sensors. It is recommended to use such a collimator if possible, in order to limit the radiation absorbed by patients.
CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
General Overview
The CS 2100 unit is also composed of a remote exposure switch which is an optional accessory. The following CS 2100 unit configurations are provided:
Standard wall-mounted unit Ceiling-mounted unit.
The following mounting options are provided:
Floor column base Mobile base
NOTE These options must be used with a standard wall-mounted unit.
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed01
2–3
CS 2100 Unit Configurations
CS 2100 Unit Configurations Figure 2–2
Standard Wall-Mounted Unit
7 8
2
4
2–4
5
1
3
6
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Wall framework
3
Separate control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure button
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8
Extension arm
CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
CS 2100 Unit Configurations
Figure 2–3
CS 2100 Unit with Separate Exposure Switch
4
7 8
2
5
1 3
6
NOTE This configuration is an optional configuration
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Wall framework
3
Control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure switch with X-ray exposure button
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8
Extension arm
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed01
2–5
CS 2100 Unit Configurations
Figure 2–4
Ceiling-Mounted Unit
2
5 8
3
7 1 4 6
2–6
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Ceiling mounted unit containing the main powerboard
3
Control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure switch
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8
Extension arm
CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
CS 2100 Unit Configurations
Figure 2–5
Unit Mounted on Floor Column
5
8 1 3
7
6 9 4 2
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Floor column containing the main powerboard
3
Control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure switch with X-ray exposure button
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8
Extension arm
9
Raiser
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed01
2–7
CS 2100 Unit Configurations
Figure 2–6
Unit Mounted on Mobile Base
5
3
1
7
4 8 6
2
9
2–8
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Mobile stand containing the main powerboard
3
Control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure switch with X-ray exposure button
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with LED
8
Handle
9
Foot brake
CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
CS 2100 Unit Configurations
Control Timer Unit
1 3
S
mGy
60 kV - 7 mA
+
8 _
7
digital -
2
push
9
6 5
4
1
Warning: Ionizing radiation
2
Exposure time - emitted dose indicator
3
Display
4
X-ray exposure button
5
X-ray emission control light
6
Ready state
7
Exposure time selector: - Lit: shortest exposure times for digital sensors - OFF: longest exposure times for films and phosphor plates
8
Warning
9
Selection knob: - Press and hold the knob to activate the exposure time selector. - Rotate the knob to select the exposure time.
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed01
2–9
CS 2100 Unit Configurations
2–10
CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Chapter 3
CS 2100 RADIOLOGY PROCESS Positioning Positioning the Patient To position the patient, you must have:
The patient sit with the vertical sagittal plane. The patient’s head positioned as follows: For upper maxillary radiography, the Frankfort plane (nose-ear plane) must be horizontal. For lower maxillary radiography, the occlusal plane must be horizontal.
90°
Positioning the X-Ray Generator The scissor arm allows you to accurately position the generator for any type of exposure. The beam-limiting device maintains a distance of at least 20 cm (8 in.) between the focal spot and the skin, which allows you to use either the paralleling or the bisecting technique.
Paralleling technique The positioning tool used in the paralleling technique allows you to align the beam and the imaging receptor. An appropriate collimator reduces the dosage by limiting the surface exposure.
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed01
3–1
Exposure
Bisecting technique When using the bisecting technique, do not use a rectangular collimator. This limits the risk of X-ray beam and image receptor misalignment.
90°
Positioning the Imaging Receptor Using the CS 2100, you may create an X-ray image on one of the following imaging receptors:
Conventional silver halide films, such as KODAK dental films. Digital sensors such as RVG sensors. Phosphor plate such as CS Imaging plates. Placing the receptor correctly is critical. Check your own dental radiography manual for information on how to place the imaging receptor correctly. If you do not position the film or the sensor correctly, this results in errors on the radiography, such as distorted teeth and roots, elongation, magnification, and/or overlapping contacts. The paralleling technique generally reduces the risk of such errors. However, if you do not position the system correctly, angulation errors can occur (angulation of the receptor to the tooth itself). If the beam exit pattern is not aligned with the imaging receptor, then part of the radiography will not be exposed to radiation and the final radiography will have some clear (unexposed) areas. This defect is called “cone cuts". The imaging receptor is marked to indicate the tube side. If the orientation is not correct, the resulting radiography is lighter and may show artifacts, such as foil pattern or sensor cable.
Exposure Exposure Parameters Since each receptor (film, phosphor plate or digital sensor) has its own sensitivity to X-ray radiation. the sensor choice impacts the exposure parameters. For instance, the sensitivity class for conventional dental films is characterized with the letter D, E, or F where F is more sensitive than E, and E more sensitive than D. Consequently, the required dose for the correct exposure goes down as sensitivity increases. Due to the different sensitivity of the digital sensors, you also need to adjust the exposure parameters to the used sensor type (film or digital equipment). The CS 2100 allows you to select the exposure times. The exposure times indicated in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 meet the manufacturer’s recommendations. Depending on the used sensor type, you can change the mode by pressing and holding the selection knob for at least three seconds. To set the exposure times, see the Preparing for Image Acquisition section.
3–2
CS 2100 RADIOLOGY PROCESS
Exposure
Exposure Times Exposure Times for KODAK Film The indicated exposure times are given as a guideline. Table 3–1
Exposure Times for KODAK Film 60 kV - 7 mA - Cone 20 cm (8 in.) Maxillary
Mandibular
Bitewing
Occlusal
Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Posterior ULTRASPEED (D)
Child
0.250
0.320
0.400 0.200
0.250
0.250 0.200
0.250
0.500
Adult
0.400
0.500
0.630 0.320
0.400
0.400 0.320
0.400
0.630
INSIGHT Child (F) Adult
0.100
0.125
0.160 0.080
0.100
0.100 0.080
0.100
0.200
0.160
0.200
0.250 0.125
0.160
0.160 0.125
0.160
0.250
Child
0.250
0.320
0.400 0.200
0.250
0.250 0.200
0.250
0.500
Adult
0.400
0.500
0.630 0.320
0.400
0.400 0.320
0.400
0.630
Child
0.125
0.160
0.200 0.100
0.100
0.125 0.100
0.125
0.200
Adult
0.200
0.250
0.250 0.160
0.160
0.200 0.160
0.200
0.320
D-SPEED
E-SPEED
Exposure Times for Phosphor Plates The indicated exposure times are given as a guideline. Table 3–2
Exposure Times for Phosphor Plates 60 kV - 7 mA - Cone 20 cm (8 in.) Maxillary
Mandibular
Bitewing
Occlusal
Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Posterior Child
0.250
0.320
0.400 0.200
0.250
0.250 0.200
0.250
0.500
Adult
0.400
0.500
0.630 0.320
0.400
0.400 0.320
0.400
0.630
Child
0.160
0.200
0.250 0.125
0.160
0.160 0.125
0.160
0.320
Adult
0.250
0.320
0.400 0.200
0.250
0.250 0.200
0.250
0.500
CR7400
CS 7600
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed01
3–3
Exposure
Exposure Times for Digital Sensors The indicated exposure times are given as a guideline. Table 3–3
Exposure Times for Digital Sensors 60 kV - 7 mA - Cone 20 cm (8 in.) Maxillary
Mandibular
Bitewing
Occlusal
Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Posterior RVG 6500 (size 1&2)
Child
0.080
0.100
0.125
0.063
0.080
0.080
0.063
0.080
0.125
Adult
0.125
0.160
0.200
0.125
0.160
0.160
0.100
0.125
0.200
RVG 6500 (size 0)
Child
0.040
0.050
0.063
0.032
0.040
0.040
0.032
0.040
0.080
Adult
0.063
0.080
0.100
0.050
0.063
0.063
0.050
0.063
0.100
RVG 6100 (size 1& 2)
Child
0.080
0.100
0.125
0.063
0.080
0.080
0.063
0.080
0.125
Adult
0.125
0.160
0.200
0.125
0.160
0.160
0.100
0.125
0.200
RVG 6100 (size 0)
Child
0.040
0.050
0.063
0.032
0.040
0.040
0.032
0.040
0.080
Adult
0.063
0.080
0.100
0.050
0.063
0.063
0.050
0.063
0.100
Child
0.100
0.125
0.160
0.080
0.080
0.100
0.080
0.100
0.160
Adult
0.160
0.160
0.200
0.125
0.125
0.160
0.125
0.160
0.250
Child
0.080
0.100
0.125
0.063
0.080
0.080
0.063
0.080
0.125
Adult
0.125
0.160
0.200
0.125
0.160
0.160
0.100
0.125
0.200
Child
0.100
0.125
0.160
0.080
0.080
0.100
0.080
0.100
0.160
Adult
0.160
0.160
0.200
0.125
0.125
0.160
0.125
0.160
0.250
TROPHY RVG Ultimate
Child
0.080
0.100
0.125
0.063
0.080
0.080
0.063
0.080
0.125
Adult
0.125
0.160
0.200
0.100
0.100
0.125
0.100
0.125
0.200
TROPHY RVG Access
Child
0.100
0.125
0.160
0.080
0.080
0.100
0.080
0.100
0.160
Adult
0.160
0.200
0.200
0.125
0.125
0.160
0.125
0.160
0.250
TROPHY Child RVG Reference High Resolution Adult mode
0.080
0.100
0.125
0.063
0.063
0.080
0.063
0.080
0.125
0.125
0.160
0.160
0.100
0.100
0.125
0.100
0.125
0.200
TROPHY RVG Reference High Sensitive mode
Child
0.020
0.025
0.032
0.016
0.020
0.020
0.016
0.020
0.040
Adult
0.032
0.040
0.050
0.025
0.032
0.032
0.025
0.032
0.050
TROPHY Child RVGui High Resolution mode Adult
0.080
0.100
0.125
0.063
0.063
0.080
0.063
0.080
0.125
0.125
0.160
0.160
0.100
0.100
0.125
0.100
0.125
0.200
TROPHY Child RVGui High Sensitivite Adult mode
0.020
0.025
0.032
0.016
0.020
0.020
0.016
0.020
0.040
0.032
0.040
0.050
0.025
0.032
0.032
0.025
0.032
0.050
Child
0.040
0.050
0.063
0.032
0.040
0.040
0.032
0.040
0.080
Adult
0.063
0.080
0.100
0.050
0.063
0.063
0.050
0.063
0.100
RVG 5100
RVG 6000
RVG 5000
TROPHY RVG THD
3–4
CS 2100 RADIOLOGY PROCESS