User Guide
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CS 2200
User Guide
Notice Congratulations on your purchase of the CS 2200. Thank you for your confidence in our products and we will do all in our power to ensure your complete satisfaction. The User Guide for the CS 2200 includes information on the usage of the equipment. We recommend that you thoroughly familiarize yourself with this Guide in order to make the most effective use of your system.
WARNING: We recommend that you consult the “Safety, Regulatory and Technical Specification User Guide” before using the CS 2200.
No part of this Guide may be reproduced without the express permission of Carestream Health, Inc. U.S. Federal law restricts this equipment to sale by or on the order of a dentist or physician. This document is originally written in English. Manual Name: CS 2200 User Guide Part Number: SM761 Revision Number: 01 Print Date: 2012-02 CS 2200 complies with Directive 93/42/EEC relating to medical equipment.
0086
Manufacturer Care stream Hea lth, Inc. 150 Verona Street Roche ster, NY 1 4 60 8, USA
Authorized Representative in the European Community
EC REP TROPHY 4, Rue F. Pelloutier, Croissy-Beaubourg 77435 Marne la Vallée Cedex 2, France
Contents
1-About This Guide Conventions in this Guide... 1–1 2-CS 2200 SYSTEM OVERVIEW General Overview... 2–1 CS 2200 Unit Configurations... 2–4 Control Timer Unit... 2–10 3-CS 2200 RADIOLOGY PROCESS Positioning... 3–1 Positioning the Patient... 3–1 Positioning the X-Ray Generator... 3–1 Paralleling technique... 3–1 Bisecting technique... 3–2 Positioning the Imaging Receptor... 3–2 Exposure... 3–2 Exposure Parameters... 3–2 Exposure Times... 3–3 Emitted Doses... 3–5 Film Processing... 3–7 4-ACQUIRING AN IMAGE Preparing for Image Acquisition... 4–1 Launching the X-Ray... 4–2 Setting the Mode... 4–2 5-USER MODE Parameters... 5–1 Entering the User Mode... 5–1 Modifying Parameters... 5–2 Exiting the User Mode... 5–2 Performing a Tube Seasoning... 5–2 6-TROUBLESHOOTING Quick Troubleshooting... 6–1 Information Messages... 6–3 Error Messages... 6–4 7-MAINTENANCE Quarterly... 7–1 Generator... 7–1 Mechanical support... 7–1 Control timer unit and electrical installation... 7–1 Operation... 7–1
CS 2200 User Guide (SM761)_Ed01
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Contents
Control timer unit self-test...7–1 Annually...7–2 Cleaning and Disinfecting the CS 2200...7–2
2
Chapter 1
About This Guide Conventions in this Guide The following special messages emphasize information or indicate potential risk to personnel or equipment:
WARNING Warns you to avoid injury to yourself or others by following the safety instructions precisely. CAUTION Alerts you to a condition that might cause serious damage. IMPORTANT Alerts you to a condition that might cause problems. NOTE Emphasizes important information. TIP Provides extra information and hints. WARNING Exposure to ionizing radiation
CS 2200 User Guide (SM761)_Ed01
1–1
Conventions in this Guide
1–2
About This Guide
Chapter 2
CS 2200 SYSTEM OVERVIEW The CS 2200 is compliant with the requirements of the EEC and international medical standards. The CS 2200 unit has been designed to produce high-quality intraoral radiographies that:
Reveal maximum details with the minimum dose to the patient. Show teeth and anatomic structures accurately with a minimum of distortion or magnification. Have optimal density and contrast to maximize their use for the detection of dental diseases.
The CS 2200 uses a high frequency technology that allows:
Reduced X-ray doses for patients because the CS 2200 unit emits fewer soft rays absorbed by patients which are not used during image creation. Shorter exposure times which reduce the risk of motion blur during exposure
The CS 2200 is equipped with a thermal safety system that prevents the generator from overheating in case of intensive use. This prohibits any exposure as long as the generator has not cooled down. The I01 error message appears on the display, a red LED lights up on the control timer unit and an audible beep is heard during the unit cooling period. The beep stops when the cooling period is over. To obtain high-quality intraoral radiography with maximum details, you must be very careful when performing the three steps of the radiography process:
Positioning the patient, the x-ray generator, and the imaging system Setting the exposure parameters according to the imaging receptor used (film, phosphor plates or sensor) Processing the film (if a conventional film is used.)
General Overview The CS 2200 unit is composed of the following functional components
A high-frequency X-ray generator which includes:
A transformer and associated electronics, and an oil-bathed x-ray tube A beam limiting device with the following characteristics: - A radiation diameter of 6 cm (2.36 in.) - A distance from the X-ray tube focal spot to skin of 20 cm (8 in.).
An angle scale and handle to facilitate positioning.
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2–1
General Overview
A wall framework which contains the:
Main powerboard ON/OFF switch which contains a built-in LED.
A control timer unit which:
Performs anatomical selection and displays parameters (exposure time and emitted dose). Performs a microprocessor self-test at every unit activation.
Displays alarms in case of incorrect operation. Includes two preset modes and a manual setting mode.
An extension arm and a scissor arm which is equipped with springs that ensure arm stability. The following figure illustrates the extension arm and the scissor arm. Figure 2–1
CS 2200 - Side View
R
A
Table 2–1
2–2
Extension arm types
Extension
R
Span A
Short
47.0 cm (18.5 in.)
170.0 cm
Standard
64.8 cm (25.5 in.)
188.0 cm (74 in.)
Long
82.5 cm (32.5 in.)
205.0 cm (80.69 in.)
(67 in.)
A rectangular collimator. Its various sizes adapt to films, phosphor plates and RVG sensors. It is recommended to use such a collimator if possible, in order to limit the radiation absorbed by patients.
CS 2200 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
General Overview
The CS 2200 unit is also composed of the following optional accessories:
A separate timer box A remote exposure switch.
The following CS 2200 unit configurations are provided:
Standard wall-mounted unit Wall-mounted unit for Irix replacement Ceiling-mounted unit.
The following mounting options are provided:
Floor column base Mobile base
NOTE These options must be used with a standard wall-mounted unit.
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2–3
CS 2200 Unit Configurations
CS 2200 Unit Configurations Figure 2–2
Standard CS 2200 Unit.
7
8 5
2
1 4 3 6
2–4
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Wall framework
3
Control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure button
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8
Extension arm
CS 2200 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
CS 2200 Unit Configurations
Standard CS 2200 Unit. with Separate Control Timer Unit
Figure 2–3
8
7
5
2 1
3
4 6
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Wall framework
3
Separate control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure button
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8
Extension arm
CS 2200 User Guide (SM761)_Ed01
2–5
CS 2200 Unit Configurations
Figure 2–4
Wall-Mounted Unit for Irix Replacement
4 8 5
1 3 2 7 6
2–6
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Wall framework
3
Control timer unit
4
Separate exposure switch
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8
Extension arm
CS 2200 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
CS 2200 Unit Configurations
Figure 2–5
Ceiling-Mounted Unit
2
5 8
3 4 7 1
6
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Ceiling mounted unit containing the main powerboard
3
Control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure switch
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8
Extension arm
CS 2200 User Guide (SM761)_Ed01
2–7
CS 2200 Unit Configurations
Figure 2–6
Unit Mounted on Floor Column
5 8
1
4 3 7
6
9 2
2–8
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Floor column containing the main powerboard
3
Control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure button
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8
Extension arm
9
Raiser
CS 2200 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
CS 2200 Unit Configurations
Figure 2–7
Unit Mounted on Mobile Base
5
4 3
1
7
8 6
2
9
1
High frequency X-ray generator
2
Mobile stand containing the main powerboard
3
Control timer unit
4
X-ray exposure button
5
Scissor arm
6
Rectangular collimator
7
ON/OFF switch with LED
8
Handle
9
Foot brake
CS 2200 User Guide (SM761)_Ed01
2–9
CS 2200 Unit Configurations
Control Timer Unit
1 3
2
6
4
8
5
9
7
10
11
13
12
1
Warning: Ionizing radiation
2
Exposure time - emitted dose indicator
3
Display
4
X-ray exposure button
NOTE For the Irix mount configuration, the X-ray exposure button is remote.
2–10
5
X-ray emission control light
6
Cooling indicator
7
Receptor selector (2 preset modes, 1 manual mode)
8
kV selector
9
Child / Adult (standard) / Adult (large) selector
10
Tooth selector
11
Bitewing selector
12
Occlusal selector
13
Selection knob: - Preset mode: Rotate the knob to select the tooth - Manual mode: Rotate the knob to select the exposure time.
CS 2200 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Chapter 3
CS 2200 RADIOLOGY PROCESS Positioning Positioning the Patient To position the patient, you must have:
The patient sit with the vertical sagittal plane. The patient’s head positioned as follows: For upper maxillary radiography, the Frankfort plane (nose-ear plane) must be horizontal. For lower maxillary radiography, the occlusal plane must be horizontal.
90°
Positioning the X-Ray Generator The scissor arm allows you to accurately position the generator for any type of exposure. The beam-limiting device maintains a distance of at least 20 cm (8 in.) between the focal spot and the skin, which allows you to use either the paralleling or the bisecting technique.
Paralleling technique The positioning tool used in the paralleling technique allows you to align the beam and the image receptor. An appropriate collimator reduces the dosage by limiting the surface exposure.
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3–1
Exposure
Bisecting technique When using the bisecting technique, do not use a rectangular collimator. This limits the risk of X-ray beam and image receptor misalignment.
90°
Positioning the Imaging Receptor Using the CS 2200, you may create an X-ray image on one of the following image receptors:
Conventional silver halide films, such as KODAK dental films. Digital sensors such as RVG sensors. Phosphor plate such as CS Imaging plates. Placing the receptor correctly is critical. Check your own dental radiography manual for information on how to place the imaging receptor correctly. If you do not position the film or the sensor correctly, this results in errors on the radiography, such as distorted teeth and roots, elongation, magnification, and/or overlapping contacts. The paralleling technique generally reduces the risk of such errors. However, if you do not position the system correctly, angulation errors can occur (angulation of the receptor to the tooth itself). If the beam exit pattern is not aligned with the imaging receptor, then part of the radiography will not be exposed to radiation and the final radiography will have some clear (unexposed) areas. This defect is called "cone cuts". The imaging receptor is marked to indicate the tube side. If the orientation is not correct, the resulting radiography is lighter and may show artifacts, such as foil pattern or sensor cable.
Exposure Exposure Parameters Since each receptor (film, digital sensor, or phosphor plate) has its own sensitivity to X-ray radiation. the receptor choice impacts the exposure parameters. For instance, the sensitivity class for conventional dental films is characterized with the letter D, E, or F where F is more sensitive than E, and E more sensitive than D. Consequently, the required dose for the correct exposure goes down as sensitivity increases. Due to the different sensitivity of the digital sensors, you also need to adjust the exposure parameters to the used sensor type.
3–2
CS 2200 RADIOLOGY PROCESS
Exposure
The CS 2200 allows you to use two different modes with pre-set exposure times. These modes are programmed when installing the equipment based on your local imaging systems, as indicated in Tables 3-3 to 3-5. These tables meet the manufacturer's standard conditions and should only be used as guidelines. You can modify these settings to:
Adjust your exposure settings as needed, based on the results obtained from your system exposure and processing. Adjust your exposure settings after a change to your imaging system. To modify the settings, start the “Setting the Mode” procedure. The CS 2200 also allows you to use the manual mode where you select the exposure time directly.
Exposure Times Tables 3-1 and 3-2 indicate exposure times that were defined based on a unit equipped with a standard cone of 20 cm (8 in.) focus-to-skin distance. Table 3–1
Exposure Times in Seconds for class D-Speed Films 70 kV - 7 mA) Maxillary
Child
Adult Adult (Standard) (Large)
60 kV - 7 mA Child
Adult Adult (Standard) (Large)
Incisor / Bicuspid 0.119
0.180
0.227
0.238
0.360
0.454
Premolar
0.152
0.230
0.290
0.304
0.460
0.580
Molar
0.178
0.270
0.340
0.356
0.540
0.680
Incisor / Bicuspid 0.099
0.150
0.189
0.198
0.300
0.378
Premolar
0.106
0.160
0.202
0.211
0.320
0.403
Molar
0.119
0.180
0.227
0.238
0.360
0.454
Anterior
0.099
0.150
0.189
0.198
0.300
0.378
Posterior
0.119
0.180
0.227
0.238
0.360
0.454
0.205
0.310
0.391
0.409
0.620
0.781
Mandibular
Bitewing
Occlusal MaxilaryAn
CS 2200 User Guide (SM761)_Ed01
3–3
Exposure
Table 3–2
Exposure Time Corrections based on Selected Setting Setting
Correction
S01
-92%
0.08
S02
-90%
0.10
S03
-88%
0.125
S04
-84%
0.16
S05
-80%
0.20
S06
-75%
0.25
S07
-68%
0.31
S08
-60%
0.40
S09
-50%
0.50
S10
-37%
0.63
S11
-21%
0.79
S12
0%
1.00
S13
+26%
1.26
S14
+56%
1.56
S15
+100%
2.00
S16
+152%
2.52
Table 3–3
Film Types Brand
3–4
Coefficient
Name
Setting
KODAK
Insight
S 08
KODAK
E-speed
S 09
KODAK
Ultra-speed
S 12
KODAK
D-speed
S 12
Other films
Speed class F
S 08 or S 09
Other films
Speed class E
S 09 or S 10
Other films
Speed class D
S 12 or S 13
CS 2200 RADIOLOGY PROCESS