Vivid E80 E90 E95 with EchoPAC options Reference Manual Ver 201 Rev 05 Nov 2015

Regulatory requirement This product complies with regulatory requirements of the following European Directive 93/42/EEC concerning medical devices.

0123 This manual is a reference for the Vivid E80, Vivid E90 and Vivid E95 ultrasound systems (Hereafter listed as Vivid E80/90/95), EchoPAC Software Only, and EchoPAC Plug-in. It applies to all versions of the 201 software for the Vivid E80/90/ 95 ultrasound system, EchoPAC Software Only, and EchoPAC Plug-in. All information provided in this manual is relevant for all these products unless otherwise specified.

Manufacturer: GE VINGMED ULTRASOUND A/S Strandpromenaden 45 N-3191 Horten, Norway Tel.: (+47) 3302 1100 Fax: (+47) 3302 1350

Revision History Reason for change

REV

DATE (YYYY-MM-DD)

REASON FOR CHANGE

Rev. 01

2014-08-27

Initial release

Rev. 02

2014-10-06

FDR2a release

Rev. 03

2014-12-12

FDR2b release

Rev. 04

2015-02-19

M3 release

Rev. 05

2015-11-25

M4 release

List of effective pages PAGE NUMBER All pages

REVISION NUMBER Rev. 05

Please verify that you are using the latest revision of this document. Information pertaining to this document is maintained on ePDM (GE electronic Product Data Management). If you need to know the latest revision, contact your distributor, local GE Sales Representative or in the USA call the GE Ultrasound Clinical Answer Center at 1 800 682 5327 or 1 262 524 5698.

Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

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Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

Table of Contents

Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Measurements Measurement overview Cardiac measurements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-2 4D Automated Left Ventricular Quantification tool - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-14 2D Strain measurements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-17 AFI measurements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-24 Aorta Annulus tool - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-26

Measurement formulas Formulas–Generic - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-27 Formulas–Cardiac - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-29 Formulas–Vascular - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-66 Formulas–OB - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-68

Measurement accuracy General - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-75 Sources of error - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-75 Optimizing Measurement Accuracy - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-77 Measurement Uncertainties - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-77

DICOM SR Measurements Supported parameters- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-82 Supported methods- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-90 Content of Vascular SR object - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-92

Chapter 2 - OB Tables OB Tables ASUM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-2 Berkowitz - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-4 Brenner - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-4 Campbell - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-5 Eriksen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-5 Goldstein - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-6 Hadlock - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-7 Hansmann - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-13 Hellman - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-21 Hill- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-21 Hohler - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-22 Jeanty - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-22 JSUM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-32 Kurtz - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-36 Mayden - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-36

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Mercer - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-38 Merz - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-39 Moore - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-49 Nelson - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-49 Osaka - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-50 Paris - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-54 Rempen- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-57 Robinson - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-62 Tokyo - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-62 Tokyo Shinozuka - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-66 Williams - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-72 Yarkoni - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2-72

Chapter 3 - Acoustic information The real-time display of acoustic output indices Thermal Index - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-2 Mechanical Index - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-4

Track 3 ALARA Educational Program Default Settings and Output Levels Controls Affecting Acoustic Output Track 3 Summary Table - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-9

Probe surface temperature safety mechanisms Acoustic Parameters as Measured in Water Definitions, symbols and abbreviations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-11 Explanation of Footnotes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-12 Multiple focal-zones - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-12 Operating Conditions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-13

Acoustic Output Reporting Tables for IEC 62359 Ed.2 Transducer Model: M5Sc-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-15 Transducer Model: 6S-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-21 Transducer Model: 12S-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-27 Transducer Model: 4V-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-33 Transducer Model: 9L-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-39 Transducer Model: 11L-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-44 Transducer Model: L8-18i-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-49 Transducer Model: C1-6-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-54 Transducer Model: IC5-9-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-59 Transducer Model: C2-9-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-64 Transducer Model: 8C- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-69 Transducer Model: 6VT-D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-74 Transducer Model: 6Tc / 6Tc-RS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-80 Transducer Model: 9Tc / 9Tc-RS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-85 Transducer Model: P2D- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-90 Transducer Model: P6D- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3-91

Appendices Statements on the safety of ultrasound - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1-1 AIUM Statement on Mammalian in Vivo Ultrasonic Biological Effects- - - 1-1

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Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

Chapter 1 Measurements This chapter describes: ‘Measurement overview’ on page 1-2 ‘Measurement formulas’ on page 1-27 ‘Measurement accuracy’ on page 1-75 ‘DICOM SR Measurements’ on page 1-81

Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

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Measurements

Measurement overview

The following table shows the cardiac measurements available on the Vivid E80/90/95 ultrasound unit.

Cardiac measurements Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

%FS

LV Fractional Shortening, 2D

%

%FS

LV Fractional Shortening, M-mode

%

%IVS Thck

IVS Fractional Shortening, 2D

%

%IVS Thck

IVS Fractional Shortening, M-mode

%

%LVPW Thck

LV Posterior Wall Fractional Shortening, 2D

%

%LVPW Thck

LV Posterior Wall Fractional Shortening, M-mode

%

Ao Arch Diam

Aortic Arch Diameter

cm

Ao asc

Ascending Aortic Diameter

cm

Ao Desc Diam

Descending Aortic Diameter

cm

Ao Isthmus

Aortic Isthmus

cm

Ao Root Diam

Aortic Root Diameter

cm

Ao Root Diam

Aortic Root Diameter, M-mode

cm

AR ERO

PISA: Regurgitant Orifice Area

cm2

AR Flow

PISA: Regurgitant Flow

ml/s

AR PHT

AV Insuf. Pressure Half Time

ms

AR Rad

PISA: Radius of Aliased Point

cm

AR RF

Regurgitant fraction over the Aortic Valve

%

AR RV

PISA: Regurgitant Volume Flow

ml

AR Vel

PISA: Aliased Velocity

m/s

AR Vmax

Aortic Insuf. Peak Velocity

m/s

AR VTI

Aortic Insuf. Velocity Time Integral

cm

1-2

Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

Measurement overview Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

ARed max PG

Aortic Insuf. End-Diastole Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

ARed Vmax

Aortic Insuf. End-Diastolic Velocity

m/s

AV Acc Slope

Aortic Valve Flow Acceleration

m/s2

AV Acc Time

Aortic Valve Acceleration Time

ms

AV AccT/ET

AV Acceleration to Ejection Time Ratio

AV EOA I (VTI)

Aortic Valve Effective Orifice Area Index by Continuity Equation VTI

cm2/m2

AV EOA I Vmax

Aortic Valve Effective Orifice Area Index by Continuity Equation Peak V

cm2/m2

AV CO

Cardiac Output by Aortic Flow

l/min

AV Cusp

Aortic Valve Cusp Separation, 2D

cm

AV Cusp

Aortic Valve Cusp Separation, M-mode

cm

AV Dec Time

Aortic Valve Deceleration Time

ms

AV Diam

Aortic Diameter, 2D

cm

AV max PG

Aortic Valve Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

AV mean PG

Aortic Valve Mean Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

AV SV

Stroke Volume by Aortic Flow

ml

AV Vmax

Aortic Valve Peak Velocity

m/s

AV Vmean

AV Mean Velocity

m/s

AV VTI

Aortic Valve Velocity Time Integral

cm

AVA (Vmax)

AV Area by Continuity Equation by Peak V

cm2

AVA (VTI)

AV Area by Continuity Equation VTI

cm2

AVA Planimetry

Aortic Valve Area

cm2

AVET

Aortic Valve Ejection Time

ms

AVET

Aortic Valve Ejection Time, M-mode

ms

CO (A-L A2C)

CO 2CH, Single Plane, Area-Length

l/min

CO (A-L A4C)

CO 4CH, Single Plane, Area-Length

l/min

CO (Biplane

CO, Bi-Plane, MOD

l/min

CO (bullet)

CO, Bi-Plane, Bullet

l/min

CO (MOD A2C)

CO 2CH, Single Plane, MOD (Simpson)

l/min

CO (MOD A4C)

CO 4CH, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD (Simpson)

l/min

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Measurements Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

CO(Cube)

Cardiac Output, 2D, Cubic

l/min

CO(Cube)

Cardiac Output, M-mode, Cubic

l/min

CO(Teich)

Cardiac Output, 2D, Teicholtz

l/min

CO(Teich)

Cardiac Output, M-mode, Teicholtz

l/min

D-E Excursion

MV Anterior Leaflet Excursion

cm

D-E Excursion

Mitral Valve D-E Slope

cm

E’

Early diastolic mitral valve annular velocity

m/s

E/E’

Mitral inflow E velocity to E’ ratio

E’ Avg

Averaged early diastolic mitral valve annular velocity

E/E’ Avg

Mitral inflow E velocity to E’ Avg ratio

EDV (bullet)

LV Volume, Diastolic, Bi-Plane, Bullet

ml

EDV(Cube)

Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, 2D, Cubic

ml

EDV(Cube)

Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, M-mode, Cubic

ml

EDV(Teich)

Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, 2D, Teicholtz

ml

EDV(Teich)

Left Ventricle Volume, Diastolic, M-mode, Teicholtz

ml

EF (A-L A2C)

Ejection Fraction 2CH, Single Plane, Area-Length

%

EF (A-L A4C)

Ejection Fraction 4CH, Single Plane, Area-Length

%

EF (Biplane)

Ejection Fraction, Bi-Plane, MOD

%

EF (bullet)

Ejection Fraction 2CH, Bi-Plane, Bullet

%

EF (MOD A2C)

Ejection Fraction 2CH, Single Plane, MOD (Simpson)

%

EF (MOD A4C)

Ejection Fraction 4CH, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD (Simpson)

%

E-F Slope

Mitral Valve E-F Slope

m/s

EF(Cube)

Ejection Fraction, 2D, Cubic

%

EF(Cube)

Ejection Fraction, M-mode, Cubic

%

EF(Teich)

Ejection Fraction, 2D, Teicholtz

%

EF(Teich)

Ejection Fraction, M-mode, Teicholtz

%

E’ Lat

Early diastolic mitral valve lateral annular velocity

m/s

E/E’ Lat

Mitral inflow E velocity to E’ Lat ratio

EPSS

E-Point-to-Septum Separation, M-mode

cm

EPSS 2D

E-Point-to-Septum Separation, 2D

cm

ERO

Effective Regurgitant Orifice

cm2

1-4

m/s

Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

Measurement overview Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

E’ Sept

Early diastolic mitral valve septal annular velocity

E/E’ Sept

Mitral inflow E velocity to E’ Sept ratio

ESV (bullet)

LV Volume, Systolic, Bi-Plane, Bullet

ml

ESV(Cube)

Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, 2D, Cubic

ml

ESV(Cube)

Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, M-mode, Cubic

ml

ESV(Teich)

Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, 2D, Teicholtz

ml

ESV(Teich)

Left Ventricle Volume, Systolic, M-mode, Teicholtz

ml

HR

AV Heart Rate, Dop

BPM

HR

Heart Rate, 2D, Teicholtz

bpm

HR

Heart Rate for 2CH study

bpm

HR

Heart Rate for 4CH study

bpm

HR

Heart Rate for 2CH AL study

bpm

HR

Heart Rate for 2CH MOD study

bpm

HR

Heart Rate for 4CH AL study

bpm

HR

Heart Rate for 4CH MOD study

bpm

HR

Heart Rate for Bullet study

bpm

HR

Heart Rate for BiPlane MOD study

bpm

HR

LV Heart Rate, Dop

bpm

HR

Heart Rate, M-mode, Teicholtz

bpm

HR

Heart Rate

bpm

IVC

Inferior Vena Cava

cm

IVCT

Isovolumic Contraction Time

ms

IVRT

Isovolumic Relaxation Time

ms

IVSd

Interventricular Septum Thickness, Diastolic, 2D

cm

IVSd

IVS Thickness, Diastolic, M-mode

cm

IVSs

Interventricular Septum Thickness, Systolic, 2D

cm

IVSs

IVS Thickness, Systolic, M-mode

cm

LA Diam

Left Atrium Diameter, 2D

cm

LA Diam

Left Atrium Diameter, M-mode

cm

LA Diam

Right Atrium Diameter, 2D

cm

LA Major

Left Atrium Major

cm

Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

m/s

1-5

Measurements Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

LA Minor

Left Atrium Minor

LA/Ao

LA Diameter to AoRoot Diameter Ratio, 2D

LA/Ao

LA Diameter to AoRoot Diameter Ratio, M-mode

LAEDV(A-L)

LA End Diastolic Volume, Area-Length

ml

LAEDV Index(A-L)

LA End Diastolic Volume Index, Area-Length

ml/m2

LVEDV (MOD BP)

LV Volume, Diastolic, Bi-Plane, MOD

ml

LAESV(A-L)

LA End Systolic Volume, Area-Length

ml

LAESV Index(A-L)

LA End Systolic Volume Index, Area-Length

ml/m2

LAEDV (MOD A4C)

LA Volume, Single Plane, MOD

ml

LAESV (MOD A4C)

LA Volume, Systolic, Single Plane, MOD

ml

LVESV (MOD BP)

LV Volume, Systolic, Bi-Plane, MOD

ml

LIMP

Left Index of Myocardial Performance

LVA (s)

Left Ventricular Area, Systolic, 2CH

cm2

LVAd (A2C)

Left Ventricular Area, Diastolic, 2CH

cm2

LVAd (A4C)

Left Ventricular Area, Diastolic, 4CH

cm2

LVAd(sax)

LV area, SAX, Diastolic

cm2

LVAend (d)

LV Endocardial Area, SAX

cm2

LVAepi (d)

LV Epicardial Area, SAX

cm2

LVAs (A4C)

Left Ventricular Area, Systolic, 4CH

cm2

LVAs(sax)

LV area, SAX, Systolic

cm2

LVd Mass

LV Mass, Diastolic, 2D

g

LVd Mass

LV Mass, Diastolic, M-mode

g

LVd Mass Index

LV Mass Index, Diastolic, 2D

g/m2

LVd Mass Index

LV Mass Index, Diastolic, M-mode

g/m2

LVEDV (A-L A2C)

LV Volume, Diastolic, 2CH, Area-Length

ml

LVEDV (A-L A4C)

LV Volume, Diastolic, 4CH, Area-Length

ml

LVEDV (MOD A2C)

LV Volume, Diastolic, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD

ml

LVEDV (MOD A4C)

LV Volume, Diastolic, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD

ml

LVEDV (MOD BP)

LV Volume, Diastolic, Bi-Plane, MOD

ml

1-6

cm

Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

Measurement overview Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

LVESV (A-L A2C)

LV Volume, Systolic, 2CH, Area-Length

ml

LVESV (A-L A4C)

LV Volume, Systolic, 4CH, Area-Length

ml

LVESV (MOD A2C)

LV Volume, Systolic, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD

ml

LVESV (MOD A4C)

LV Volume, Systolic, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD

ml

LVESV (MOD BP)

LV Volume, Systolic, Bi-Plane, MOD

ml

LVESV (MOD LAX)

LV Volume, Diastolic, Apical View, LAX, MOD

ml

LVESV (MOD LAX)

LV Volume, Systolic, Apical View, LAX, MOD

ml

LVET

Left Ventricle Ejection Time

ms

LVIDd

LV Internal Dimension, Diastolic, 2D

cm

LVIDd

LV Internal Dimension, Diastolic, M-mode

cm

LVIDs

LV Internal Dimension, Systolic, 2D

cm

LVIDs

LV Internal Dimension, Systolic, M-mode

cm

LVLd (apical)

Left Ventricular Length, Diastolic, 2D

cm

LVLs (apical)

Left Ventricular Length, Systolic, 2D

cm

LVOT Area

Left Ventricle Outflow Tract Area

cm2

LVOT CO

Cardiac Output by Aortic Flow

l/min

LVOT Diam

Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Diameter

cm

LVOT max PG

LVOT Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

LVOT mean PG

LVOT Mean Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

LVOT SI

Stroke Volume Index by Aortic Flow

ml/m2

LVOT SV

Stroke Volume by Aortic Flow

ml

LVOT Vmax

LVOT Peak Velocity

m/s

LVOT Vmean

LVOT Mean Velocity

m/s

LVOT VTI

LVOT Velocity Time Integral

cm

LVPWd

Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Diastolic, 2D

cm

LVPWd

Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Diastolic, M-mode

cm

LVPWs

Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Systolic, 2D

cm

LVPWs

Left Ventricular Posterior Wall Thickness, Systolic, M-mode

cm

LVs Mass

LV Mass, Systolic, 2D

g

LVs Mass

LV Mass, Systolic, M-mode

g

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1-7

Measurements Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

LVs Mass Index

LV Mass Index, Systolic, 2D

g/m2

LVs Mass Index

LV Mass Index, Systolic, M-mode

g/m2

LAAd (A2C)

Left Atrium Area, Apical 2C

cm2

LAAd (A4C)

Left Atrium Area, Apical 4C

cm2

MCO

Mitral Valve closure to Opening

ms

MP Area

Mitral Valve Prosthesis

cm2

MR Acc Time

MV Regurg. Flow Acceleration

s

MR ERO

PISA: Regurgitant Orifice Area

cm2

MR Flow

PISA: Regurgitant Flow

ml/s

MR max PG

Mitral Regurg. Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

MR Rad

PISA: Radius of Aliased Point

cm

MR RF

Regurgitant fraction over the Mitral Valve

%

MR RV

PISA: Regurgitant Volume Flow

ml

MR Vel

PISA: Aliased Velocity

m/s

MR Vmax

Mitral Regurg. Peak Velocity

m/s

MR Vmax

PISA: CW Peak Velocity

m/s

MR Vmean

Mitral Regurg. Mean Velocity

m/s

MR VTI

Mitral Regurg. Velocity Time Integral

cm

MR VTI

PISA: CW Velocity Time Integral

cm

MV A Dur

Mitral Valve A-Wave Duration

ms

MV A Velocity

MV Velocity Peak A

m/s

MV Acc Slope

Mitral Valve Flow Acceleration

m/s2

MV Acc Time

Mitral Valve Acceleration Time

ms

MV Acc/Dec Time

MV: Acc.Time/Decel.Time Ratio

MV an diam

Mitral Valve Annulus Diameter, 2D

cm

MV CO

Cardiac Output by Mitral Flow

l/min

MV Dec Slope

Mitral Valve Flow Deceleration

m/s2

MV Dec Time

Mitral Valve Deceleration Time

ms

MV E Velocity

MV Velocity Peak E

m/s

MV E/A Ratio

Mitral Valve E-Peak to A-Peak Ratio

1-8

Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

Measurement overview Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

MV max PG

Mitral Valve Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

MV mean PG

Mitral Valve Mean Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

MV PHT

Mitral Valve Pressure Half Time

ms

MV Reg Frac

Mitral Valve Regurgitant Fraction

%

MV SI

Stroke Volume Index by Mitral Flow

ml/m2

MV SV

Stroke Volume by Mitral Flow

ml

MV Time to Peak

Mitral Valve Time to Peak

ms

MV Vmax

Mitral Valve Peak Velocity

m/s

MV Vmean

MV Mean Velocity

m/s

MV VTI

Mitral Valve Velocity Time Integral

cm

MVA

Mitral Valve Area

cm2

MVA By PHT

Mitral Valve Area according to PHT

cm2

MVA by plan

Mitral Valve Area, 2D

cm2

MVET

Mitral Valve Ejection Time

ms

P Vein A

Pulmonary Vein Velocity Peak A (reverse)

m/s

P Vein A Dur

Pulmonary Vein A-Wave Duration

ms

P Vein D

Pulmonary Vein End-Diastolic Peak Velocity

m/s

P Vein S

Pulmonary Vein Systolic Peak Velocity

m/s

PAEDP

Pulmonary Artery Diastolic Pressure

mm Hg

PE(d)

Pericard Effusion, M-mode

cm

PEs

Pericard Effusion, 2D

cm

PR max PG

Pulmonic Insuf. Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

PR mean PG

Pulmonic Insuf. Mean Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

PR PHT

Pulmonic Insuf. Pressure Half Time

ms

PR Vmax

Pulmonic Insuf. Peak Velocity

m/s

PR VTI

Pulmonic Insuf. Velocity Time Integral

cm

PRend max PG

Pulmonic Insuf. End-Diastole Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

PRend Vmax

Pulmonic Insuf. End-Diastolic Velocity

m/s

Pulmonic Diam

Pulmonary Artery Diameter, 2D

cm

PV Acc Slope

Pulmonic Valve Flow Acceleration

m/s2

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1-9

Measurements Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

PV Acc Time

Pulmonic Valve Acceleration Time

PV Acc Time/ET Ratio

PV Acceleration to Ejection Time Ratio

PV an diam

Pulmonic Valve Annulus Diameter, 2D

cm

PV Ann Area

Pulmonic Valve Area

cm2

PV CO

Cardiac Output by Pulmonic Flow

l/min

PV CO

Cardiac Output by Pulmonic Flow

l/min

PV max PG

Pulmonic Valve Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

PV mean PG

Pulmonic Valve Mean Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

PV SV

Stroke Volume by Pulmonic Flow

ml

PV Vmax

Pulmonary Artery Peak Velocity

m/s

PV Vmax

Pulmonic Valve Peak Velocity

m/s

PV Vmean

PV Mean Velocity

m/s

PV VTI

Pulmonic Valve Velocity Time Integral

cm

PVA (VTI)

Pulmonary Artery Velocity Time Integral

cm2

PVein S/D Ratio

Pulmonary Vein SD Ratio

PVET

Pulmonic Valve Ejection Time

ms

PVPEP

Pulmonic Valve Pre-Ejection Period

ms

PVPEP/ET Ratio

PV Pre-Ejection to Ejection Time Ratio

Qp/Qs

Pulmonic-to-Systemic Flow Ratio

RA Major

Right Atrium Major, 2D

cm

RA Minor

Right Atrium Minor, 2D

cm

RAA (d)

Right Atrium Area, 2D, Diastole

cm2

RAA (s)

Right Atrium Area, 2D, Systole

cm2

RAEDV A2C

Right Atrium End Diastolic Volume, Apical 2 chamber

cm3

RAEDV A-L

RA End Diastolic Volume (A-L)

ml

RAEDV MOD

RA Volume Diastolic, Single Plan, MOD

ml

RAEDV MOD

RA End Diastolic Volume (MOD)

ml

RAESV A-L

RA End Systole Volume (A-L)

ml

RAESV MOD

RA Volume, Systolic, Single Plane, MOD

ml

RAESV MOD

RA End Systole Volume (MOD)

ml

1-10

ms

Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

Measurement overview Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

RALd

Right Atrium Length, Diastole

cm

RALs

RA Length, systole

cm

RIMP

Right Index of Myocardial Performance

RJA (A4C)

Regurgitant jet area

RJA/LAA

Regurgitant jet area ratio RJA/LAA

RV Major

Right Ventricle Major

cm

RV Minor

Right Ventricle Minor

cm

RV S’

Tricuspid annulus systolic excursion velocity

m/s

RVAWd

Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Diastolic, 2D

cm

RVAWs

Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Systolic, 2D

cm

RVET

Right Ventricle Ejection Time

s

RVIDd

Right Ventricle Diameter, Diastolic, 2D

cm

RVIDd

Right Ventricle Diameter, Diastolic, M-mode

cm

RVIDs

Right Ventricle Diameter, Systolic, 2D

cm

RVIDs

Right Ventricle Diameter, Systolic, M-mode

cm

RVOT Area

Right Ventricle Outflow Tract Area

cm2

RVOT Diam

RV Output Tract Diameter, 2D

cm

RVOT Diam

RV Output Tract Diameter, M-Mode

cm

RVOT max PG

RVOT Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

RVOT meanPG

RVOT Mean Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

RVOT SI

LV Stroke Volume Index by Pulmonic Flow

ml/m2

RVOT SV

Stroke Volume by Pulmonic Flow

ml

RVOT Vmax

RVOT Peak Velocity

m/s

RVOT Vmean

RVOT Mean Velocity

m/s

RVOT VTI

RVOT Velocity Time Integral

cm

RVSP

Right Ventricle Systolic Pressure

mm Hg

RVWd

Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Diastolic, M-mode

cm

RVWs

Right Ventricle Wall Thickness, Systolic, M-mode

cm

SI (A-L A2C)

LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 2CH, Area-Length

ml/m2

SI (A-L A4C)

LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 4CH, Area-Length

ml/m2

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cm2

1-11

Measurements Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

SI (Biplane)

LV Stroke Index, Bi-Plane, MOD

ml/m2

SI (bullet)

LV Stroke Index, Bi-Plane, Bullet

ml/m2

SI (MOD A2C

LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD

ml/m2

SI (MOD A4C

LV Stroke Index, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD

ml/m2

SI (Teich)

LV Stroke Index, Teicholtz, 2D

ml/m2

SI (Teich)

LV Stroke Index, Teicholtz, M-mode

ml/m2

SV (A-L A2C)

LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 2CH, Area-Length

ml

SV (A-L A4C)

LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 4CH, Area-Length

ml

SV (Biplane)

LV Stroke Volume, Bi-Plane, MOD

ml

SV (bullet)

LV Stroke Volume, Bi-Plane, Bullet

ml

SV (MOD A2C)

LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 2CH, MOD (Simpson)

ml

SV (MOD A4C)

LV Stroke Volume, Single Plane, 4CH, MOD (Simpson)

ml

SV(Cube)

LV Stroke Volume, 2D, Cubic

ml

SV(Cube)

LV Stroke Volume, M-mode, Cubic

ml

SV(Teich)

LV Stroke Volume, 2D, Teicholtz

ml

SV(Teich)

LV Stroke Volume, M-mode, Teicholtz

ml

Systemic Diam

Systemic Vein Diameter, 2D

cm

Systemic Vmax

Systemic Vein Peak Velocity

m/s

Systemic VTI

Systemic Vein Velocity Time Integral

cm

TAPSE

Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion

cm

TCO

Tricuspid Valve Closure to Opening

ms

TR max PG

Tricuspid Regurg. Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

TR mean PG

Tricuspid Regurg. Mean Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

TR Vmax

Tricuspid Regurg. Peak Velocity

m/s

TR Vmean

Tricuspid Regurg. Mean Velocity

m/s

TR VTI

Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocity Time Integral

cm

TV A dur

Tricuspid Valve A-Wave Duration

ms

TV A Velocity

Tricuspid Valve A Velocity

m/s

TV Acc Time

Tricuspid Valve Time to Peak

ms

TV Ann Area

Tricuspid Valve Area

cm2

1-12

Vivid E80/90/95 – Reference Manual GC092334 05

Measurement overview Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

TV ann diam

Tricuspid Valve Annulus Diameter, 2D

cm

TV Area

Tricuspid Valve Area, 2D

cm2

TV CO

Cardiac Output by Tricuspid Flow

l/min

TV Dec Slope

Tricuspid Valve Flow Deceleration

m/s2

TV E Velocity

Tricuspid Valve E Velocity

m/s

TV E/A Ratio

Tricuspid Valve E-Peak to A-Peak Ratio

TV max PG

Tricuspid Valve Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

TV mean PG

Tricuspid Valve Mean Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

TV mean PG

Tricuspid Valve Mean Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

TV PHT

Tricuspid Valve Pressure Half Time

ms

TV SV

Stroke Volume by Tricuspid Flow

ml

TV Vmean

TV Mean Velocity

m/s

TV VTI

Tricuspid Valve Velocity Time Integral

cm

VSD max PG

VSD Peak Pressure Gradient

mm Hg

VSD Vmax

VSD Peak Velocity

m/s

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Measurements 4D Automated Left Ventricular Quantification tool Volume measurements Triangular meshes are automatically constructed by the border detection algorithm. The mesh volumes are then calculated by use of the Divergence Theorem1.

Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

EF

Ejection fraction, EF(4D) Formula: ({LVEDV(4D)}-{LVESV(4D)})/{LVEDV(4D)}

%

SV

Stroke Volume Formula: ({LVEDV(4D)}-{LVESV(4D)})

ml

CO

Cardiac Output Formula: HR*{SV(4D)}

l/min

EDMass

LV mass at end-diastole Formula: EDMass = 1.05 * (LVEDV_epi - LVEDV_endo)

gram

SpI

Sphericity Index Formula: SpI = EDV/(4/3* *(D/2)3) where D is the LV end-diastolic long axis as determined by the alignment result. 1

Goldman. Area of Planar Polygons and Volume of Polyhedra. In: Graphics Gems II, 1991.

4D Strain measurements This section describes the parameters displayed when running 4D Strain in the 4D Auto LVQ tool. 4D Strain segmental parameters Abbreviation

Definition

Unit

SL

Longitudinal Strain SL = 100*(L-L0)/L0, where L is the instantaneous longitudinal length of the segment and L0 is the initial length at start systole (QRS). The length is measured as the average midwall longitudinal length of the segment.

%

SC

Circumferential Strain SC = 100*(L-L0)/L0, where L is the instantaneous circumferential length of the segment and L0 is the initial length at start systole (QRS). The length is measured as the average midwall circumferential length of the segment.

%

1-14

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